Requirements · 49 CFR 387

The federal insurance minimum has not moved since 1980

Which is why meeting it keeps your authority and still will not get you booked.

$750,000 for general freight, $5,000,000 for the hazardous materials categories that require it. Both are per-incident floors set under the Motor Carrier Act of 1980, and the general freight figure has never been raised.

The short version. The federal minimum is a licensing threshold. It is the amount you must show FMCSA to hold operating authority, filed on a BMC-91 or BMC-91X by your insurer. It is not an estimate of what an incident costs and it was never intended as one.

That is why carriers routinely carry more: not because the rule changed, but because the people tendering the freight ask for more before they will hand it over.

What 49 CFR 387 actually requires

OperationMinimum, per incidentSet
For-hire, interstate, general freight$750,000Motor Carrier Act of 1980, never raised
Hazardous materials requiring the higher level$5,000,000Same statute, higher category

Read the current text at the eCFR, 49 CFR Part 387. Intrastate operations, passenger carriage and some commodity categories carry different figures; this page covers the interstate property-carrier case.

The floor and the expectation are two different numbers

A carrier that meets the federal minimum exactly is fully compliant and may still be unbookable, because a broker or shipper sets its own conditions and is protecting its own exposure rather than checking yours. Meeting the floor keeps your authority. It does not make anyone tender you a load.

We are deliberately not printing a typical broker requirement here. Those figures vary by broker, commodity and lane, and we have not surveyed them; publishing a number we have not verified is the failure this site keeps finding in other people's comparison pages. What we can tell you is where to look: the requirement is in the broker-carrier agreement you sign, before you haul, not after.

Compliant and bookable are different tests, and only one of them is federal.
The failure mode

A lapsed filing is the most ordinary way authority disappears

Your insurer files proof of coverage with FMCSA. If that filing lapses, authority is revoked, and this is the most common cause of an involuntary revocation. The federal revocation register holds 1,529,083 revocation orders across carriers, brokers and freight forwarders, of which the broker slice alone is 110,130.

The number is large because the cause is mundane. That cuts both ways, and it is worth holding both halves at once: a revocation on a record is rarely evidence of anything dramatic, and a revocation on your record still stops you working until it is cured. It is also why an authority revocation and an insolvency are not interchangeable, which matters when you read what a non-recourse factoring agreement actually covers.

Questions this page answers

How much liability insurance does a motor carrier need?
For an interstate for-hire carrier of general freight, the federal minimum is $750,000 per incident under 49 CFR Part 387. Carriers hauling certain hazardous materials must carry $5,000,000. These are floors, not caps, and not per-victim limits.
Has the federal minimum ever gone up?
No. The $750,000 floor was set by the Motor Carrier Act of 1980 and has never been raised. Every proposal to increase it has so far failed, which is why the required minimum and what a serious claim actually costs have drifted so far apart.
Why do brokers ask for more than the federal minimum?
Because the federal figure is a licensing threshold, not a commercial one. A broker or shipper is protecting its own exposure and can require whatever coverage it likes as a condition of tendering you freight. Meeting the federal floor keeps your authority; it does not make you bookable.
What happens if my insurance filing lapses?
FMCSA revokes operating authority for a lapsed filing, and it is the most common reason authority is revoked involuntarily. The federal revocation register records 1,529,083 revocation orders in total across carriers, brokers and freight forwarders.
Is the federal minimum enough coverage?
That is a commercial judgement rather than a compliance one, and this page does not make it for you. What is factual: the number was set in 1980, has not moved, and is a floor for keeping authority rather than an estimate of what a serious incident costs.
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Method and scope

Minimum levels are as stated in 49 CFR Part 387, checked 2026-08-31. Revocation totals come from the FMCSA FMCSA, Revocation - All With History dataset, source last updated 2026-08-30, retrieved 2026-08-31.

This is not insurance advice and not a comparison of insurers. It describes a federal requirement and a public record. We have not rated, tested or been paid by any insurer, and no coverage decision should be made from this page alone.

Cite this page

FreightProbe. "The Federal Insurance Minimum Has Not Moved Since 1980." Requirements per 49 CFR 387 checked 2026-08-31; revocation totals from FMCSA, retrieved 2026-08-31. https://freightprobe.com/insurance

Quote the retrieval date with any figure. Vendor pricing changes without notice and we re-read it rather than carrying it forward.

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